Monolithic cementitious structure



June 20,1939.. E B WHWE 2,162,872y

MONOLITHIC CEMENTITIOUS STRUCTURE 2 SheetsfSheet 1 Filed June 21, 1937 INVENTOR.

June Z0, 1939.

B. WHITE 2,162,872

MONOLITHIC CEMENTITIOUS STRUCTURE @are 5- Filed June 2l, 1937 2 sheets-sheet 2 /4 @are 7 IN VEN TOR.

Patented June 20, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MONOLITHIO CEMENTITIOUS STRUCTUREy Eugene B. White, Oak Park, Ill.

Application June 21, 1937, Serial No. 149,357

My invention is concerned with roofs and other monolithic cementitious structures, and is designed to produce a structure of suflicient strength.

and durability that can be manufactured with less material and less labor than has been heretofore possible for roofing of equal durability.

To this end it consists of a novel combination of supporting beams and a monolithic roof supported thereby that can be constructed thereon without the employment of the forms which have heretofore been deemed essential in such construction.

AIt also consists in. Va certain specific novel monolithic structure which will hereinafter be described in detail.

To illustrate my invention I annex hereto two sheets of drawings, in which the same reference characters are used to designate the identical parts Vin all the figures of which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a roof truss embodying my invention withthe roofing proper in ver-y tical section;

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are portions of the structure shown in Fig. 1 on a greatly enlarged scale;

Fig. 3a, is a plan View of the structure shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the slabs used in forming the roof;

Fig. 6 is atop plan view of a portion of the roof showing how the slabs and beams are joined;

Figs. '7 and 8 are vertical sections on the lines 1-7 and 8-8, respectively, of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 9 is a much enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 8. 35 In Fig. 1 I have shown one of a series 0f trusses III used in forming the roof of any desired structure, such for instance, as a factory.

In Fig. 2 is seen a section of the eaves portion in which the beam II consists of a thin metal channel I2 of the slightly irregular design shown filled with concrete I3, reinforced by the rod or rods I4 designed to take the tensile stress of the beam, and rod or rods I5 designed to take the compressive stress of the beam. The beam Ila, Fig. 4, is similar to the beam I I, except that it is reversed, as it were. The intermediate beams I Ib (see Fig. 7) have the channels IZU regular in form las shown, and the beam -I Ic is like beam I Ib, except as hereinafter noted. In all cases, the metal channels have inwardly projecting flanges I6 on their open sides forthe purpose described. The channels I2 and I 2a have their righthand and lefthand sides, respectively, shorter than the other, and the flanges I6 of the short sides of I2 and I2a and the anges of I2b form seats or sup- (Cl. 'l2-68) ports for the ends of the slabs I'I, one of which is shown in perspective in Fig. 5.

yThe slabs II` as seen in Figs. 5 to 8 are precast and consist of reinforced concrete or an equivalent, in which the reinforcement I8 preferably 5 consists of Welded steel wire mesh. This extends throughout the length of the slab and projects from the ends thereof, as seen in Fig. 5, with a portion I8a thereof bent downwardly immediately at said-end, while the rest of it, |811, is bent downwardly at a distance therefrom for the purpose hereinafter described. With the elements heretofore described the roof is constructed as follows:

The channels I2, I 2a, I2b and I2c are laid transversely o-n the trusses I0 or equivalent girders, asindicated, spaced apart according to the length of the slabs, and are secured thereon in any desired manner. While they arepreferably of a thin 16 gauge sheet steel, they are of a sizev 20 and shape in crossv section proportioned to the distance between the trusses so that they alone are of sufficient strength to support workmen tof, gether with the slabs I'I as the latter are put in placeas seen in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 for instance. As 25 seen in Figs. 2, 4 and 7, the ends of the slabs rest on the anges I6 of the short sides of I2 and |20., and on both flanges of |212-, and their projecting reinforcing material I Baand I8?)` extends downwardly near the rear and farther sides, respectively, of the channels on which said ends rest. The reinforcing rods I4 and I5 are preferably secured inrplace in the channels in the shop and are all suitably supported in their respective positions therein by the saddles (not shown). 35

After the channels I2, I2a and |4213l are assembled with the slabs Il in place, cementitious material I 9 is poured into the channels filling them, until it is flush with the upper surfaces of the slabs I'I, andwhen it is hardened, it will be obvious that a monolithic structure results, for the reason that the material I9 in the channels I2, -I 2a and I2h is reinforced by and firmly Vconnected to slabs II by the projecting portions I8a and I8b of the reinforcing material I8. Over the channelsl2 may be placed any desired material, and as shown any desired thin sheet metal or other means to support the eaves trough 20 may be employed, and in the open top of the channels I2a may be placed the slanting flashing 2|, 5o the upper end of which is held in place by the strips 22 supported from the truss work I0, as seen in Fig. 4. As seen in Figs. ,6, 8, and 9, the slabs I1, if but a single style is used, have one edge 23 formed with an obtuse angle 24, with its upper side longer as shown. 'Ihe other edge 25 is formed with the complementary reentrant angle 26, the sides of which, however, are of equal length so that when the slabs are brought together in assembling them on the roof a space 21 is left between them to be illed with a mastic cement 28, which allows for the contraction and expansion of the roof, whereas if plain cement were used it would crumble and disintegrate. The amount of this mastic cement may be increased when desired by forming an obtuse angle 29 on the edge of the upper side of the reentrant angle 26, which gives more space for the mastic cement, as will be obvious. It will also be obvious that the lower side of the reentrant angle edge 25 serves to support the obtuse angle edge 23 without the formation of any tongues extending at right angles, which would tend to shear oi.

In Figs. 3 and 3a I have shown the specific construction employed at overhanging eaves where the channel I2C is the same as channel H22), but the slab llc is modied as follows: It is lengthened so as to extend over and beyond channel 12e and the reinforcement is extended to the lower end but does not project therefrom. As the slab llc, entirely covering the channel |20, would not permit the cementitious material being poured therein, as is done in the channels |20; and |21), I form in the slabs Il'c the dowel holes 30, which register with the center of the channel- E2C and I place in said dowel holes the stirrups 3l extending down to the rods I4 and engaging the reinforcing material i8. The cementitious material is then poured in the dowel holes 3Q and spreads through the channel I2c until it is entirely lled and the material stands level with the top surfaces of the slabs llc. When it is set, the slabs |70 are locked on the channel 12e and a monolithic T beam construction is formed thereby.

While I have shown and described my invention as embodied in the form which I at present consider best adapted to carry out its purposes, it will be understood that it is capable of modifications and that I do not desire to be limited in the interpretation of the following claims except as may be necessitated by the state of the prior art. Y

While I have herein shown and described a reinforced slab locked to a reinforced beam upon which it is supported and held in place by plastic material extending through a dowel hole in the slab and into the body of the beam to form a monolithic structure, I do not herein claim the same broadly, as it is so claimed in my application Serial No. 171,728, filed October 29, 1937, for a Monolithic structure and method of making same.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a monolithic cementitious structure, the combination with supporting members, of joists extending transversely thereof, and reenforced cementitious slabs connecting the jcists and having their ends resting on the edges thereof, said slabs having on one edge an obtuse angle and on the other a reentrant angle, so that the angle of one edge ts into the complementary angle of the adjacent slab, to leave a space betWeen the upper portions of the edges iilled with a mastic preparation to allow for expansion and contraction, the faces of the upper sides of both angles being at an angle to the vertical to resist upward movement of the mastic.

. 2. In a monolithic cementitious structure, the combination with thin metallic channels having iianges on their open sides, of a reenforcing rod extending along the bottom of each of said channels, reenforced cernentitio-us slabs having their ends resting cn said flanges with their reenforcing material projecting from their ends and eX- tending into the channels, and the upper portions of their abutting edges separated so as to allow for expansion and contraction, cernentitious material placed in said channels and surrounding said reenforcing material and rods, and a mastic preparation filling the space between the separated portions.

3. A structure as defined in claim 2, in which the abutting edges of the slabs are formed with the equivalent of an obtuse angle cooperating with the equivalent of a reentrant angle, with the upper portions of said edges separated to form the space filled with the mastic preparation.

4. A structure as defined in claim 2, in which the slabs have on one edge an obtuse angle and on the other a reentrant angle, so that the obtuse angle of one edge iits into the adjacent reentrant angle of the adjacent slab to leave the space between the upper portions of the edges to be filled with the mastic preparation.

EUGENE B. VWHITE. 

